Andalas Dental Journal

Analisis Determinan Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut di Kota Depok pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19

Kurnia Permitasari, Herry Novrinda, Risqa Rina Darwita, Armasastra Bahar — Fri, 30 Jun 2023 04:19:55 -0400

During the Covid-19 pandemic, starting from 2019, there was a 62.78% gap in dental and oral care patient visits at the Depok City Health Center. Data from the Depok City Health Department indicates a decrease in patient visits at the Depok City Health Center in 2018 by 90,366, in 2019 by 90,979, in 2020 by 33,861, and in 2021 by 29,455. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors associated with the utilization and selection of dental and oral healthcare providers in Depok City during the Covid-19 pandemic. It is a cross-sectional study conducted on the population of Depok City in 2021, with respondents who are willing to fill out online questionnaires, understand the Indonesian language, are able to read, write, communicate, and have a smartphone. The sample size is 580 people, and multivariate analysis with multinomial regression is used. The research results show that during the Covid-19 pandemic, 26.7% of the population utilized government services, 11.6% utilized private services, and 61.7% did not utilize any services. The multivariate analysis results indicate that age, marital status, medical history, insurance, and perception of needs have a significant relationship with the prediction of choosing to utilize dental and oral health examinations provided by the government and private sectors. The determinant factors associated with the utilization of dental and oral health services during the Covid-19 pandemic are age, having a medical history, having insurance, and having a perception of needs.

Potensi Aloe vera sebagai Bahan Disinfeksi Kon Gutaperca sebelum Pengisian Saluran Akar

As Syifa Faradita, Rina Permatasari — Fri, 30 Jun 2023 00:00:00 -0400

Background: Obturation of the root canal aims to close access from the coronal and from the apical into the root canal. Currently the most widely used root canal filling material is guttapercha, due to its plastic properties, easy to manipulate, and easy to remove if necessary. Before use, guttapercha should be disinfected first to avoid re-infection of the root canal. One of the herbal plants that can be used as a guttaperca disinfectant is the Aloe vera plant because it contains phytochemical compounds that are antibacterial. Objective: To explain the potency of the herbal plant Aloe vera as a guttaperca disinfectant before root canal filling. Method: Collecting references in the form of research reports and literature studies as well as textbooks containing theories related to writing titles accessed through the Google Scholar, Research Gate, and NCBI databases published from 2012–2021. Conclusion: Aloe vera has the potential as an alternative material for disinfecting gutta percha because it has a fairly good antibacterial effect with very minimal side effects, so that Aloe vera can be a promising disinfectant in the future.

Pengaruh Minuman Probiotik Lactobacillus casei shirota strain Terhadap Pelepasan Ion Nikel Braket Stainless Steel

Meli Oktafiani, Aria Fransiska, Nelvi Yohana — Fri, 30 Jun 2023 00:00:00 -0400

The stainless steel bracket is the most commonly used fixed orthodontic component in orthodontic treatment. The brackets in the oral cavity for a long time can cause the release of metal ions, one of which is nickel ions. Food and beverages can change the pH of the oral environment, such as probiotic beverages. The probiotic beverage with Lactobacillus casei shirota strain has a pH of around 3 – 4,5. Low pH can increase nickel ion release and allow hypersensitivity reactions to occur. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Lactobacillus casei shirota strain probiotic beverage on the release of nickel ions from stainless steel brackets. This research was a laboratory experimental study with a post-test-only control group design with 10 samples. Each stainless-steel bracket sample was immersed in 50 ml of artificial saliva as a control group and 50 ml of Lactobacillus casei shirota strain probiotic beverage as a treatment group. Samples were immersed for 18 hours and 15 minutes in an incubator at 37˚C. The release of nickel ions was tested using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The results were analyzed by a parametric Independent t-test. The average release of nickel ions in the treatment group was 9,69 ppm and the control group was 9,22 ppm. Independent t-test showed a significant difference (p<0,05) in the mean of the artificial saliva and the Lactobacillus casei shirota strain probiotic beverage. The release of nickel ions from stainless steel bracket in Lactobacillus casei shirota strain probiotic beverage was greater than artificial saliva.

Pengaruh Pola Makan Vegetarian Lakto-Ovo terhadap pH Saliva

Shanty Chairani, Vivi Stefani, Nursiah Nasution — Fri, 30 Jun 2023 00:00:00 -0400

Background: Lacto-ovo vegetarian has been associated with a higher risk of nutritional deficiencies. Some studies have reported that nutritional deficiencies could affect salivary pH. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet on salivary pH differences. Method: This study used an observational analytic study with a cross sectional approach. This study involved 40 healthy subjects aged 17-44 years consisting of 2 groups: lacto-ovo vegetarian (n= 20) for at least 1 year and non vegetarian (n = 20) as a control group. Pregnant women, anticholinergic and alcohol consumption, smoking habits and DMFT > 5 are exclude from this study. The collection of unstimulated saliva was done using the spitting method. Saliva pH was measured using a digital pH meter. The data obtained were statistically tested using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: The mean salivary pH values in the lacto-ovo vegetarian diet group were lower than those of the non vegetarian group. There is a significant difference in salivary pH between lacto-ovo and non vegetarian group (p<0,05). Conclusion: Individuals with lacto-ovo vegetarian diet have a low salivary pH which might influence their oral health.

Efektivitas Ekstrak Kulit Pisang Kepok (Musa Paradisiaca L) Terhadap Candida albicans dan Streptococcus mutans Sebagai Pembersih Basis Akrilik Gigi Tiruan Lepasan

Desy Purnama Sari, Eni Rahmi, Ivony Fitria — Fri, 30 Jun 2023 00:00:00 -0400

Background: Banana peels are always thrown away because they are considered items that cannot be eaten or reused, but recent study prove that it contains effective ingredients that can be used as antibacterial and antifungal agent. Kepok banana peel (Musa paradisiaca L) can kill and inhibit certain types of bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of banana peel extract (Musa paradisiaca L) as a denture cleanser on the removable denture acrylic plate. Methods: This is an experimental laboratory using 48 denture acrylic plates, size 10x10x2 mm. Kepok banana peels were extracted by maceration technique to concentration of 25%, 50% and 75% and used aquadest as control group. Moreover, 24 acrylic plates in each group that cultured by Candida albicans ATCC (American Type Culture Collection) 10231 dan dan Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 were soaked into four solutions (6 plates in each treatment), then total colony was counted by the Total Plate Count (TPC) method. The data was analyzed by computerized by one-way Annova with posttest only-control group design. Results: Reducing the amount of Candida albicans was most effective at a concentration of 75% with an average of 62.33 ± 25.91 (p=0.000), meanwhile the 50% concentration was the most effective on Streptococcus mutans with an average of 0.43 ± 0.41 (p=0.035). Conclusion: Kepok banana peel extract had an good effect on reducing the number of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans colonies on the removable denture acrylic plates.

Perhitungan Unit Cost Pelayanan Kesehatan Gigi di Klinik Sehat Gajah Mada Kota Padang dengan Metode Activity Based Costing pada Era Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional

Annisa Syifa Fauzia, Febrian Febrian, Kosno Suprianto — Fri, 30 Jun 2023 00:00:00 -0400

Latar Belakang : Ketetapan pemerintah mengenai tarif kapitasi pada pelayanan kesehatan gigi di Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Pertama (FKTP), salah satunya adalah klinik pratama dianggap masih belum sesuai untuk dokter gigi. Hal ini bisa menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan terhadap mutu pelayanan kesehatan gigi, oleh sebab itu dibutuhkan perhitungan ulang mengenai tarif kapitasi. Unit cost adalah salah satu indikator yang dibutuhkan dalam menghitung tarif kapitasi. Perhitungan unit cost dapat dilakukan dengan metode Activity Based Costing (ABC) yang saat ini dianggap sebagai metode yang paling akurat. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan metode Activity Based Costing (ABC) dengan perhitungan matematika. Hasil : Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 7 pelayanan kesehatan gigi di Klinik Sehat Gajah Mada Kota Padang tahun 2019 dan unit cost untuk pelayanan masing-masing adalah konsultasi Rp.43.126, pencabutan gigi permanen Rp.82.859, pencabutan gigi sulung Rp.50.181, penambalan resin komposit Rp.108.095, penambalan GIC Rp.97.697, scalling Rp.71.850 dan premedikasi Rp.49.281. Kesimpulan : Unit cost untuk pelayanan kesehatan gigi di Klinik Sehat Gajah Mada Kota Padang yang paling besar adalah pelayanan penambalan resin komposit dan yang paling rendah adalah pelayanan konsultasi. Rata-rata unit cost pelayanan kesehatan gigi di Klinik Sehat Gajah Mada Kota Padang adalah Rp.71.870. Biaya yang terbesar di unit produksi adalah biaya biaya gaji pegawai.

Efektifitas Metode Participant Modeling dalam Menurunkan Tingkat Kecemasan terhadap Pemeriksaan Gigi

Murniwati Murniwati, Yustini Alioes, Susi Susi, Nila Kasuma, Putri Mulya Sari — Fri, 30 Jun 2023 00:00:00 -0400

Rasa cemas pada kedokteran gigi ( dental anxiety ) dilaporkan sebagai salah satu alasan utama untuk menghindar dari perawatan gigi. Tingkat kecemasan merupakan salah satu penyebab tingginya prevalensi penyakit dan keparahan akibat menunda perawatan gigi, termasuk pada pasien anak. Penangan pasien anak dengan dental anxiety dapat dilakukan dengan metode participant modeling. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas metode participant modeling dalam menurunkan tingkat kecemasan terhadap pemeriksaan gigi melalui penilaian skala sikap ( Likert scale ). Desain penelitian adalah quasi eksperimental non-equivalent control group. Populasi merupakan murid berusia 7-10 tahun di SDN 26 Jati Utara Padang yang memiliki kecemasan terhadap pemeriksaan gigi sebanyak 36 orang dibagi menjadi 18 orang kelompok participant modeling ( eksperimen ) dan 18 orang kelompok tanpa modeling ( kontrol ). Skala sikap yang digunakan adalah skala wajah atau Facial Image Scale ( FIS ). Analisis data menggunakan paired t-test dan independent sample t-test. Tingkat kecemasan sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan pada kedua kelompok mengalami penurunan dengan rata-rata penurunan kelompok eksperimen adalah 3.17 ± 0.618 dan kelompok kontrol adalah 1.89 ± 0.832 . Analisis penurunan tingkat kecemasan mengunakan paired t-test diperoleh p =0.000.

Analysis perbedaan penurunan tingkat kecemasan kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol menggunakan independent sample t-test menunjukan perbedaan bermakna (p=0.000) .

Penerapan metode participant modeling lebih efektif menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pasien anak dengan dental anxiety terhadap pemeriksaan gigi dari pada yang tidak menggunakan metode participant modeling.