Efektivitas Pemakaian Sikat Gigi Timer Dua Menit Terhadap Penurunan Skor Plak Gigi pada Anak Usia 7-8 Tahun
Abstract
Background: The global prevalence of dental caries is still high and reach 60 to 90% of school children. Dental caries is caused by dental plaque that can be prevented by brushing teeth. ADA recommended two minutes as duration of brushing teeth, but many Indonesian children haven’t reached that standard. Purpose: Knowing the effectiveness of two minutes toothbrush timer and conventional toothbrush to the plaque accumulation. Methods: This was an experimental study using pre and post-test group control with single blind design. Amount of 40 students aged 7-8 years divided to two group (control and intervention) using simple random sampling technique. The respondens was instructed to brushing teeth (Bass method) for two minutes, then the plaque index was measured by Löe & Silness method. Results: Independent t-test results showed the significant differences (mean of plaque index reduction was higher in toothbrush timer group compared to conventional toothbrush group). However, there was no significant difference at the last visit. Conclusion: Using two minutes toothbrush timer is not effective to reduce plaque accumulation. With the increasing of children’s ability in brushing teeth, making the use of timer toothbrush or without timer is useful in reducing plaque.
References
Cadavid, A., Lince, C. and Jaramillo, M. “Dental caries in the primary dentition of a Colombian population according to the ICDAS criteria”. Brazilian Oral Research. 2010; 24(2), pp.211-216.
Llompart, G., Marin, G., Silberman, M., Merlo, I., Zurriaga, O. and GI, S. ”Oral health in 6-year-old schoolchildren from Berisso, Argentina: falling far short of WHO goals”. Medicina Oral Patología Oral y Cirugia Bucal. 2010; 15(1), pp.101-105.
Marcenes, W., Kassebaum, N., Bernabé, E., Flaxman, A., Naghavi, M., Lopez, A. and Murray, C. “Global Burden of Oral Conditions in 1990-2010”. Journal of Dental Research. 2013; 92(7), pp.592-597.
Jackson, S. and Vann Jr., W.“Impact of Poor Oral Health on Children’s School Attendance and Performance”. American Journal of Public Health. 2011; 101(10), pp.1900-1908.
Seirawan, H. “The Impact of Oral Health on the Academic Performance of Disadvantaged Children”. American Journal of Public Health. 2012; 102(9), pp.1729-1734.
Doichinova, L., Bakardjiev, P. and Peneva, M. “Assessment of food habits in children aged 6–12 years and the risk of caries”. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment. 2014; 29(1), pp. 200-204.
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS). LapNas 2018. 2019. 2018; pp.1-614
Dewanti. Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Tentang Kesehatan Gigi Dengan Perilaku Perawatan Gigi Pada Anak Usia Anak Sekolah Di SDN 04 Pondok Cina Depok. Skripsi. Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta. 2012.
Ganesh, M., Shah, S., Parikh, D., Choudhary, P. and Bhaskar, V. “The effectiveness of a musical toothbrush for dental plaque removal: A comparative study”. Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. 2012; 30(2), pp.139.
Graetz, C., Bielfeldt, J., Wolff, L., Springer, C., Fawzy El-Sayed, K., Sälzer, S., Badri-Höher, S. and Dörfer, C. “Toothbrushing Education via a Smart Software Visualization System”. Journal of Periodontology. 2013; 84(2), pp.186-195.
Herrera, M. Medina, C. Minaya, M. Maupomé, G. et al. “Dental plaque, preventive care, and tooth brushing associated with dental caries in primary teeth in schoolchildren ages 6–9 years of Leon, Nicaragua”. Medical Science Monitor. 2013; 19, pp.1019-1026.
Macpherson, L., Anopa, Y., Conway, D. and McMahon, A. “National Supervised Toothbrushing Program and Dental Decay in Scotland”. Journal of Dental Research. 2012; 92(2), pp.109-113.
Taschner, M., Rumi, K. and Master, A. “Comparing Efficacy of Plaque Removal Using Professionally Applied Manual and Power Toothbrushes in 4- to 7-year-old Children”.Pediatric Dentistry.2012; 34(1), pp.61-65.
Rosema, N., Hennequin-Hoenderdos, N., Versteeg, P., van Palenstein Helderman, W., van der Velden, U. and van der Weijden, G. “Plaque-removing efficacy of new and used manual toothbrushes - a professional brushing study”. International Journal of Dental Hygiene. 2013; 11(4), pp.237-243.
Casanova, R., vallejos, S. and minaya, S. “Frecuenciadel Cepillado Dentaly Factores Asociadosen Escolares Mexicanos de Seisa Nueve Años de Eda”. West Indian Med J. 2013; 62(1), pp.68-72.
ADA American Dental Association. Brush Teeth - American Dental Association. Mouthhealthy.2019. Org, www.mouthhealthy.org/en/az-topics/b/brushing-your-teeth[Accessed 1 Oct. 2019].
Rahardjo, A., Maharani, D., Kiswanjaya, B., Idrus, E., Nicholson, J., Cunningham, P. and Schäfer, F. “Measurement of Tooth Brushing Frequency, Time of Day and Duration of Adults and Children in Jakarta, Indonesia”. Journal of Dentistry Indonesia, 2014; 21(3). pp 85-88.
Prihastari L. Efektifitas Pendekatan Appreciative Inquary (AI) Dalam Pembentukan Perilaku Menyikat Gigi Pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar. Tesis. Program Studi Magister Ilmu Komunikasi Kedokteran Gigi Komunitas. Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta. 2016.
George J. and. John J. “The Significance of Brushing Time In Removing Dental Plaque”. Int J Dentistry Oral Sci. 2016; 3(8), pp.315-317.
Anas, B. et al., “A Single-Brushing Study to Compare Plaque Removal Efficacy of a Manual Toothbrush, an Electric Toothbrush and an Ultrasonic Toothbrush”. Journal of Oral Hygiene & Health. 2018; 06(03), pp. 1-7.
Chandrashekar, B. et al., “Is powered toothbrush better than manual toothbrush in removing dental plaque?” – A crossover randomized double-blind study among differently abled, India. Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology. 2017; 21(2), p.138.
Copyright (c) 2022 Lisa Prihastari, Asmara Saffikri
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
